Matplotlib:Legend 图例

图例legend基础语法及用法

matplotlib.pyplot.legend(*args, **kwargs)
  • loc Location code string, or tuple (see below).图例所有figure位置
  • prop the font property字体参数
  • fontsize the font size (used only if prop is not specified)
  • markerscale the relative size of legend markers vs. original
                图例标记与原始标记的相对大小
    
  • markerfirst If True (default), marker is to left of the label.
                如果为True,则图例标记位于图例标签的左侧
    
  • numpoints the number of points in the legend for line
                为线条图图例条目创建的标记点数
    
  • scatterpoints the number of points in the legend for scatter plot
                为散点图图例条目创建的标记点数
    
  • scatteryoffsets a list of yoffsets for scatter symbols in legend

                为散点图图例条目创建的标记的垂直偏移量
    
  • frameon If True, draw the legend on a patch (frame).

                控制是否应在图例周围绘制框架
    
  • fancybox If True, draw the frame with a round fancybox.
                控制是否应在构成图例背景的FancyBboxPatch周围启用圆边
    
  • shadow If True, draw a shadow behind legend.
                控制是否在图例后面画一个阴影
    
  • framealpha Transparency of the frame.
                控制图例框架的 Alpha 透明度
    
  • edgecolor Frame edgecolor.
  • facecolor Frame facecolor.
  • ncol number of columns 设置图例分为n列展示
  • columnspacing the spacing between columns 列间距
  • borderpad the fractional whitespace inside the legend border
                图例边框的内边距
    
  • labelspacing the vertical space between the legend entries
                图例条目之间的垂直间距
    
  • handlelength the length of the legend handles
                图例句柄的长度
    
  • handleheight the height of the legend handles
                图例句柄的高度
    
  • handletextpad the pad between the legend handle and text
                图例句柄和文本之间的间距
    
  • borderaxespad the pad between the axes and legend border
                轴与图例边框之间的距离
    
  • title the legend title
  • bbox_to_anchor the bbox that the legend will be anchored.
                指定图例在轴的位置
    
  • bbox_transform the transform for the bbox. transAxes if None.

设置图例位置

使用 loc 参数

plt.legend(loc=‘lower left’)

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设置图例字体

设置字体大小 fontsize : int or float or {‘xx-small’, ‘x-small’, ‘small’, ‘medium’, ‘large’, ‘x-large’, ‘xx-large’}

plt.legend(fontsize="xx-large")

设置图例边框及背景

plt.legend(loc='best',frameon=False) #去掉图例边框
plt.legend(loc='best',edgecolor='blue') #设置图例边框颜色
plt.legend(loc='best',facecolor='blue') #设置图例背景颜色,若无边框,参数无效

设置图例标题

plt.legend(loc='best',title='figure 1 legend') #去掉图例边框

案例:设置图例legend到图形边界外

bbox_to_anchor:表示legend的位置,前一个表示左右,后一个表示上下。当使用这个参数时。loc将不再起正常的作用,ncol=3表示图例三列显示。 首先按上面的方式,如果你想将图例放上面就box.height0.8,放右边就box.width0.8其它方式一样。

#主要是bbox_to_anchor的使用
box = ax1.get_position()
# 调整图的位置  并压缩某一条轴
ax1.set_position([box.x0, box.y0, box.width , box.height* 0.8])
ax1.legend(loc='center', bbox_to_anchor=(0.5, 1.2),ncol=3)

案例:显示多图例 legend

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np

x = np.random.uniform(-1, 1, 4)
y = np.random.uniform(-1, 1, 4)
p1, = plt.plot([1, 2, 3])
p2, = plt.plot([3, 2, 1])
l1 = plt.legend([p2, p1], ["line 2", "line 1"], loc='upper left')

p3 = plt.scatter(x[0:2], y[0:2], marker='D', color='r')
p4 = plt.scatter(x[2:], y[2:], marker='D', color='g')
# This removes l1 from the axes.
plt.legend([p3, p4], ['label', 'label1'], loc='lower right', scatterpoints=1)
# Add l1 as a separate artist to the axes
plt.gca().add_artist(l1)

plt.show()

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import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
line1, = plt.plot([1,2,3], label="Line 1", linestyle='--')
line2, = plt.plot([3,2,1], label="Line 2", linewidth=4)
# 为第一个线条创建图例
first_legend = plt.legend(handles=[line1], loc=1)
# 手动将图例添加到当前轴域
ax = plt.gca().add_artist(first_legend)
# 为第二个线条创建另一个图例
plt.legend(handles=[line2], loc=4)
plt.show()

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import pandas as pd
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

fig = plt.figure(1)
ax1 = fig.add_subplot(1,1,1)


df1 = pd.DataFrame(np.random.randn(3,5),columns = ['one','two','three','four','five'])

df1.plot(ax = ax1, title = "df1", grid = 'on')

ax1.legend( loc='lower center',
           ncol=5,bbox_to_anchor=(0.5,-0.15),
            borderaxespad = 0.
            ,fontsize = 8)     ##设置ax1中legend的位置,将其放在图外
plt.savefig('./o1.png',dpi=600)
plt.show()

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Update time: 2020-05-23

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